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Title: Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ASTM D95)
Abstract
Accurate determination of water content is critical for the quality control and operational efficiency of petroleum products and bituminous materials. ASTM D95, standardized by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), provides a widely accepted method for quantifying water using a distillation procedure. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of ASTM D D95, detailing its scope, significance, apparatus, procedural methodology, and inherent limitations. The discussion highlights the method's reliance on azeotropic distillation to separate water from the sample, making it a benchmark procedure for field and laboratory analysis despite the emergence of more modern techniques such as Karl Fischer titration. Astm D95 Pdf
Q5: Can I get a free copy of the ASTM D95 PDF?
A: Legally, no. Copyright law protects ASTM standards. However, many public technical libraries or university engineering departments provide access for reading. Some ASTM standards are also available for viewing at designated "Reading Rooms" without download rights. Title: Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum
Scope
This test method covers the determination of water in the range from 0 to 25 % volume in: Q5: Can I get a free copy of the ASTM D95 PDF
- Petroleum products (oils, lubricants, fuels)
- Tars, pitches, bituminous emulsions, and other bituminous materials
It is not applicable to products containing significant amounts of water-soluble components.
Principle
- A weighed or measured sample is mixed with a reagent (commonly a bit of solvent such as xylene, toluene, or other specified solvent) and distilled in apparatus designed to separate water from hydrocarbons.
- Water vapor is carried by the distillate into a calibrated receiver or a trap containing an immiscible liquid; collected water volume or weight is measured.
- Water content is calculated from the collected quantity relative to sample mass or volume and reported per the standard’s formula.